This volume contains one special invited paper and 9 papers originally presented at a conference titled “Taiwan Gazetteers in the Last 20 Years: Review and Prospect,” cohosted by Institute of Taiwan History at Academia Sinica and National Taiwan Library on November 21-22, 2019. These papers are placed in the first two chapters, separately under the title of “Research on Compilation of Local Gazetteers” and “Practice of Compiling Local Gazetteers.” In the third chapter, the Editor, drawing on related papers and personal experience, provides a general discussion on the changes and challenges of compiling local gazetteers over the past two decades. Finally, the appendix chapter provides lists of gazetteers compiled in Taiwan during 1999-2020 and historians in the field and their works, as well as other related statistics.