Abstract：
　　This paper's focal point traces the establishment and growth of Taiwan's forest reserves (保安林，pronounced as hoanrin in Japanese and pao-an-lin in Chinese) during the Japanese colonial period. The first forest reserve was set up in 1900 with an area of 26.07 chia 甲 (1 chia is approximately 0.97 hectares) in a village around Erhlin二林. In 1942 there were 373,694 chia of forest reserves that accounted for 15 percent of Taiwan's total area of woodlands and forests. Analyzing the available statistics, we find that the growth of forest reserves appeared in different patterns with 1927-1928 as a turning point. The growth rate was higher in the first phase than in the second, however, the growth momentum appeared to decrease in the first phase while increasing in the second. This paper concludes that although the office in charge of forest affairs did change hands several times, the succeeding offices carried on most of the policies. Moreover, new programs were added up until 1942. These policies reflected that the colonial authority not only paid attention to the investigation and management of forests and woodlands as well as the disposition of forest products, but also made many efforts to do research and experiment. More important, the colonial authority initiated the establishment of forest reserves in Taiwan where natural geographical conditions made such a measure indispensable for territory security and public benefit. As the areas of forest reserves recovered to the pre-war level shortly after the war, it certainly can be considered as a legacy from the colonial period.

Keywords：forestry affairs, forest reserves, territory security

Abstract：
　　This paper uses the materials of the Japanese National Archives Library to examine the enacting process of the Diet-enacted statutes, ordinances, and ritsurei that were employed to govern legislative matters in colonial Taiwan. Those laws were in form promulgated by the Emperor. In fact, statutes were usually decided upon by the Japanese Cabinet and Diet; ordinances and ritsurei were ordinarily initiated by the Government-General and then approved by the Cabinet. It is obvious that the organs to exercise the legislative power of colonial Taiwan were more than one. The Government-General of Taiwan was just one of them. These archives are also helpful to understand the reasons and purposes of laws. They are important materials for those researchers who are interested in the history of Taiwan under Japanese rule.

Keywords：The Government-General of Taiwan, legislative power, Diet-enacted statutes, ordinances, ritsurei

Abstract：
　　In the late 1930s, the formation of the Eastern Taiwan Fishery Company（kabushiki kaisha, 株式會社incorporated company）was in order to solve the long-term problems of Eastern Taiwan's fishery and exploit Eastern Taiwan's fishery resources under the Wartime Economic System. This new company was different from eastern Taiwan's fishery company with small capital in the past. The total capital investment of this company was one million Japanese dollars. On the one hand, the new company could go beyond the local benefits, connecting the fishery resources of Keelung harbor基隆港, Suao harbor蘇澳港, Hwalien harbor花蓮港 and Sin harbor新港transversely. On the otherhand, the company integrated fishing production, manufacturing and export of catches. 　　The main capital of Eastern Taiwan Fishery Company came from Japan Fishery Company, which was persuaded and assisted by the Government-general who controlled the operation of new company. Additionally, the enterprise's contents and development of Eastern Taiwan Fishery Company demonstrated that the characteristic of a civil company with private capital was to pursue maximum profit, but the business activities totally matched up the policy of Japanese colonial government. Hence, the Eastern Taiwan's Fishery Company was not a private company or a national policy company but a would-be national policy company. 　　Finally, the formation of Eastern Taiwan Fishery Company reflected the capitalization process of colonial Eastern Taiwan fishery. The process was accomplished through the manipulation of the colonial government and the dependence on Japan's great businesses.

Keywords：Eastern Taiwan Fishery Company, Japan Fishery Company, Hwalien Harbor, National Policy Company, Fishery Immigrant, Modernization, Colonial Government, Capitalization

Abstract：
　　As far as the development of modern Taiwanese history is concerned, with each major political reshuffle or foreign invasion, there was always a counterpointing political transformation. In the case of modern Taiwan, the first political change happened around 1945, when the fifty-year-old Japanese colonial rule was replaced by the rather chaotic administration of mainland China. Such was the transformation in which colonial Taiwan adopted a republic government. The second change took place during the post-1949 period when the KMT retreated to Taiwan. This period saw a drastic political reshuffle which engendered difficult issues such as how to distinguish, combine, or re-constitute local administrations with the central government. 　　Focusing on Northern Taiwan, the political center of Taiwan since the Japanese era, this paper will explore how "Taipei Chow" transformed into "Taipei County." It will also investigate the two major political changes in modern Taiwanese history. Moreover, this paper seeks to provide present political development the so-called "Third-wave Change" in the new millennium with historical hindsight.

Keywords：Postwar period, Takeover and Reconstruction, Taiwan Provincial High Commissioner Office, Taiwan Provincial People's Political Council, Taipei Chow 臺北州, Taipei County 臺北縣

Abstract：
　　This paper tried making a preliminary study relating to the situation of the Taiwanese in Canton after the war and the issue of their returning to Taiwan by the aid of files, newspapers and historical materials in Taipei, Nanking and Canton as well as all other oral historical data and memoirs. Taiwanese in Canton encountered many difficulties shortly after termination of WW II. Basically, such difficulties resulted from the hostility of the local society and a swinging and hesitating policy of the martial government authorities. However, the key is that the status or position of the Taiwanese were put at an uncertain or unsteady status, which was subject to the interpretation of the local government and competent authorities. As there were many political parties in Canton, the political conditions were relatively complicated at that moment. Some people considered that all acts of Taiwanese during the war were forced by the Japanese, and their acts should be forgiven, because Taiwan had been returned to China and Taiwanese were also the nationals of China. However, some considered that the acts of Taiwanese should be heavily punished because they were traitors. With the promulgation of regulations by the Central Government, Taiwanese were in a predicament day after day. 　　Under all kinds of difficulty, Taiwanese in Canton sought self-protection and remedy and asked to be sent back to Taiwan. Although the Taiwanese Association in Canton did every effort to extend the help to them, long-term support was impossible. Unfortunately, due to different standpoints in regard to the responsibility between Taiwan's Government and Kwangtung's Government, Taiwanese who were expecting ships for Taiwan suffered a lot from both carnal and mental anquish. From the experience of Taiwanese in Canton, we can find how Taiwanese got along with the local people in Mainland China and it became a new stage when Taiwan, as a Japanese colony, was returned to China after the war. Meanwhile, it is also an important starting point to study the changes in relationship along the Taiwan Strait.

Keywords：Taiwanese, Relief, Taiwanese Association