Abstract：
　　Two confronting theories─state exploitation theory and rational state theory─constitute key interpretations depicting the political economy of aborigine land rights in Qing Taiwan. In addition to their disagreements upon the role of the Qing state, their constradictory assessments upon the effect of state's protection of aborigine land rights are unsettled. This study reviews memorials, contracts and policy debates as well as land cadastral data collected by the Japanese colonial government to test both arguments. The empirical evidence predicates the dissolution of aborigine lands in the west coast plains and the displacement of their traditional settlements. But, it also shows, in the post-1760 period, a policy-led reallocation of plains aborigines to border areas close to the foothills and the implementation of effective protection of aborigine land rights. The empirical findings do not support the rational state argument, that the Qing state achieved "ethnic status quo" in the island frontier through "accommodating" existing multi-tiered land rights between aborigines and Chinese. Nor the reallocation and protection of aborigine lands in the post-1760 period fit the state exploitation theory, which assumes a predatory Qing state uprooting plain aborigines. In this article, an alternative interpretation pivoting on ethnic politics is adopted. The ethnic politics model not only reveals how the Qing state uses its power to define and reallocate aborigine lands in order to manipulate ethnic relationships to serve its rule, but also illustrates the unintended consequences of the interaction among state, plains aborigines, mountain aborigines, and Chinese settlers. As a consequence, a path dependent model highlighting the historical contingency is preferred to the rational choice model.

Keywords：State, Land Rights, Ethnic Relationship, Plains Aborigines

Abstract：
　　This study draws on historical literature to analyze the formation and reformation of the collective memory of "hsiang-t'u literature" 鄉土文學, a genre developed in Taiwan during the 1970s. It points out that the development and interpretation of this new literary genre was originally motivated by a rekindled Chinese nationalism of the 1970s. In the post-1980 period, however, the collective memory of hsiang-t'u literature was reshaped by an emerging Taiwanese nationalism. The findings highlight the fact that collective memory consists mainly of a structured narrative of collective experience and that collective memory and identity are mutually constructed. Finally, the paper critiques the evolutionary and teleological excesses of collective memory that might constitute a barrier to the understanding of Taiwan's past.

Keywords：State, Land Rights, Ethnic Relationship, Plains Aborigines

Abstract：
　　Based on the newly-opened archives of the secret service and records of secret agents, this article discusses the action and role of Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Chin-kuo during the period of the White Terror. In many works about this topic, they argue that totalitarian and violence were necessary means for the Kuomintang government to protect her regime in Taiwan, and they also claim that Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Chin-kuo strengthened their power at the same time. However, those concepts cannot explain all events. We find many cases just were personal resentment, and had no relationship to political affairs or national security. We prove that Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Chin-kuo approved or acquiesced those unjust cases made by the secret service. In fact, Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Chin-kuo played a leading role, and the secret service and the secret agents created many unjust cases. Therefore, we can say that they were coworkers of the White Terror.

Keywords：Taiwan, the White Terror, Chiang Kai-Shek, Chiang Chin-Kuo, The Secret Service, Secret Agents