Abstract：
Using the case of the prefectural capital of Taiwan in the eighteenth century, this article explores how Qing civil officials designed and set up their workplaces in an adminsitrative city. Besides infrastructural establishments for meeting administrative, defensive, transportation, and economic needs, the most noticeable constructions in the prefectural city are usually official temples, government schools, and city walls, the remains of which constitute the typical impression of present-day Tainan. The Construction Record of Eastern Overseas published by Taiwan Prefect Jiang Yunxun in 1766 offers clues to understanding the ideas of local officials and the actions they took to transform a Qing local city into an administrative and ceremonial space. This article first introduces Jiang Yunxun’s official career, the legends and memories regarding him in Tainan, and the book-making process. Reviewing contents of his book and comparing city constructions erected at his initiative would shed light on the historical significance of his contribution to establishing a prefectural city. The eighteenth century was coinsidered crucial to the shaping of the urban landscape of Tainan. Successive Taiwan Prefects Jiang Yunxun and Jiang Yuanshu contributed most to Tainan’s city planning. Their constructions also influenced local gentry-merchants and the society. Finally, pictorial gazetteers such as The Construction Record of Eastern Overseas reveal how Qing local officials expressed the ideal appearance of official administrative and ceremonial spaces, all of which have contributed to our understanding of present-day Tainan.

Keywords：Jiang Yunxun, The Construction Record of Eastern Overseas, Local Governance, Urban Architecture, Ceremonial Space

Abstract：
Two White-Terror cases, the Lanyang Working Committee case and the Luodong Paper Factory case, that took place in Yilan in the 1950s are crucial to understanding the history of White Terror in post-war Taiwan. This article focuses on the following four issues. Firstly, with reference to political archives, it traces how the intelligence agency and security bureau solved these political cases and settled the disputes thus aroused. Secondly, it attempts to clarify the true nature of the Luodong Paper Factory case, which was categorized in government documents as a case involving the Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League. Thirdly, through comparing the information provided by Feng Shou-e of the Lanyang Working Committee case at four interrogations and the archived notes, it highlights discrepancies between official records and oral statements given. Fourthly, using the trial of Chen A-jing in the Luodong Paper Factory case, it illustrates the violation of human rights under the judicial review system of military trials.

Keywords：White Terror, Lanyang Working Committee Case, Luodong Paper Factory Case

Abstract：
This study examines the effect of Japanese capital on Taiwan’s economy from 1960, when Taiwan opened up to foreign capital, until 1972, when Taiwan and Japan severed their ties. Moreover, it explores the relationship between foreign and Taiwanese capital in the light of Japanese capital flow in Taiwan. Between 1960 and 1972, Taiwan’s economy was characterized by industrial development and capital accumulation. As early as the 1950s, numerous Taiwanese capitalists attempted to develop new industries. However, owing to insufficient technical capabilities, they imported technology and capital through Japanese companies. Specifically, they renounced their original company name and became part of Japanese overseas investment, producing goods of Japanese brands. Take the case of home appliance industry for example, both increase in domestic production and the local content requirement imposed by the government contributed to specialized operation of satellite plants. In other words, the integration of Japanese capital into Taiwan’s economy promoted the upgrading of domestic industries, and drove local capitalists to change their business operations. Prior research often emphasized the pivotal role played by small and medium businesses in Taiwan’s export-oriented economic growth since 1945, with little attention paid to the contribution of foreign capital. In fact, Japanese companies had been prominently involved in joint ventures and collaborations with local companies, and Japanese technology had been widely adopted in domestic productions. Japanese companies had provided assistance in the form of capital and materials for building factories and marketing networks that put Taiwanese goods in the international arena. In 1970, Zhou Enlai, the then premier of the People’s Republic of China, proposed four principles of Sino-Japanese relations, which caused some Japanese companies to leave Taiwan. However, instead of fighting back with fierce economic sanctions, the Taiwanese government launched a boycott only for a short time, followed by a mellow and pragmatic approach to developing sustainable economic relations with Japan. Such response was due to Taiwan’s heavy reliance on Japanese materials and technology for development of its industries and equipment update of its public sector, making it difficult to sever economic exchanges with Japan. Obviously, economics had taken priority over politics in the relationship between Taiwan and Japan.

Keywords：Foreign Capital, Japanese Capital, Mitsubishi Corporation, Capital Accumulation, Export Procession Zone, Four Principles of Zhou Enlai

Abstract：
Recent years has seen vigorous growth in research on Taiwan history and the compilation of gazetteers in particular has been infused with a nationalist spirit. Instead of serving the purposes of governance and education, the compilation of personages/ biographies in gazetteers now emphasizes the uniqueness of local people and switches from the official stance to the public perspective. In the past two decades, four gazetteers of central Taiwan have been compiled, namely Gazetteer of Taichung City published in 2008, Revised Gazetteer of Taichung County and Gazetteer of Nantou County in 2010, and Revised Gazetteer of Changhua County in 2018. Scholars compiling these gazetteers do not include any living personage but take in leaders from all walks of life with significant contributions or impacts. This study compares the chapter on personages/biographies of the above four gazetteers in terms of person selection and categorization as well as use of historical materials. The chapter on personages/biographies in Gazetteer of Nantou County showed transition from convention to transformation, while that in Gazetteer of Taichung City broke past traditions aiming for a complete categorization with features for general public usage. The Revised Gazetteer of Changhua County while adopting the writing format and use of historical materials in Revised Gazetteer of Taichung County, also initiated the establishment of the Taiwan Biographical Database (TBDB), with the aim to extend new frontiers for research on gazetteers. In sum, these four gazetteers epitomize the compilation of personages/biographies in the past two decades. Despite all those involved in the compilation being experts and scholars, time and budget constraints, varied historical backgrounds, different visions and ideologies of contributors result in diverse styles and contents of these gazetteers.

Keywords：Gazetteer of Taichung City, Gazetteer of Nantou County, Revised Gazetteer of Taichung County, Revised Gazetteer of Changhua County