Abstract：
This paper mainly explores the role of the Basay in regional trade during the first half of the seventeenth century. The Basay was an ethnolinguistic group scattered along the northern and northeastern coast or river mouths of Taiwan. This paper discusses the collective characteristics, economic activities, and intervillage relationship of the Basay, as well as examines the contemporary socio-economic status of the Basay in North Taiwan. It then utilizes the research data to conduct a gross comparison with other related cases in Southeast Asia and further attempts to explain the failure of the Basay in achieving the stage of political dominance as their contemporaries did.

Keywords：Basay, Formosan Plains Austronesians, History of Taiwan, the Indigenous Peoples of Taiwan

Abstract：
　　This article is a research on history education under Japanese colonial rule in the following three regions: Taiwan, Korea (Cho sen), and Manchuria (including Manchukuo). This research aims to reconstruct the history education of these three regions and hopes, on the basis of concrete findings, to explore further the issues concerning historical construction and its limits. 　　Because history education in elementary schools either in Japan’s colonies or in leased territories were modeled after that in Japan proper, I devote a chapter on history education in Japan proper and then discuss it in regards to Taiwan, Korea, and Manchuria in three separate chapters. History education outside Japan proper can be divided into two stages. The first stage is from 1920 to 1937 and the second is from 1938 to 1945. While the second stage was overwhelmed by the so-called tenno shikan─the emperor-centered historical narrative, the first stage shows that Japan adopted very different approaches to each region when compiling history textbooks. 1. In Taiwan, Japanese history was directly taught to Taiwanese children. 2. In Korea, the history of Japan and that of Korea were taught together. 3. In Manchuria, a fresh version of history was constructed. In other words, Taiwanese children were deprived of chances to learn their own history. Korean children were taught their history, but that was artificially welded to the main body of Japanese history. Children in Manchukuo studied a newly-constructed "national history" which had close relations with Japan. 　　In summary, Japan as a colonizer treated Taiwan as a place without its own history, while it had to compromise in Korea given the latter’s strong tradition in historiography. The case of Manchukuo, however, represents a good example of historical construction.

Keywords：Japanese colonial rule, history education, historical construction, Taiwan kogakko, Chosen futsugakko, gongxuetang in Manchuria

Abstract：
Taiwan Development Company (TDC), a national policy company, was founded in 1936, around this same time that eastern Taiwan's development was being discussed and a plan for the mountainous region's development was unfolding. For this reason, the Government-general urged TDC to take the lead in opening up eastern Taiwan. By 1937, TDC had set up some offices and undertook land so as to manage the business of eastern Taiwan. Eastern Taiwan's terrain was in the beginning suited to plant cotton to supply the needs of Japan's textile industry, with the rest mostly being official wastelands. The Government-general and TDC decided to target tropical cultivation in eastern Taiwan, and under this background TDC began a process of land reclamation, immigration, and land clearing in that area. Eastern Taiwan became basically a laboratory for TDC's tropical cultivation, which was then popularized and brought over to western Taiwan. Growing mostly plants during the primary stage, TDC installed the largest and most comprehensive undertaking of land in eastern Taiwan. The priority of land reclamation in eastern Taiwan was to develop wastelands and make them more cultivatable. The clearing of land had to match with the policy of the Government-general to grow tropical plants and was of highly strategic importance. During the primary stage, TDC tried to plant new crops that came from the Malay Peninsula and Indonesia for military purposes. However, during the last phase of war, because the planting of new crops failed and all natural resources were exhausted in a decisive engagement, TDC turned to planting native crops of Taiwan. The company's land reclamation and clearing operations enterprise in eastern Taiwan did not meet with expectation. The effect from land clearing was the worst, as the undertaking of land in eastern Taiwan was located within river wastelands and hills. Hence, in the mid-1930s, due to national defense and economic system priorities, the colony's government carried out a development policy of the frontier area through the national policy company, whereby the Government-general proceeded to investigate, experiment, and draw up the guiding principle first. The national policy company then concentrated its capital, technology, and labor power to develop eastern Taiwan. After TDC's lead, Japanese investment enterprises entered eastern Taiwan in droves, united with the state in great efforts to develop eastern Taiwan's frontier area in wartime.

Keywords：Taiwan Development Company, Eastern Taiwan Development Committee, the plan of mountainous region development, national policy company, colonization government, tropical cultivation, land reclamation, land clearing, frontier area development

Abstract：
　　In the wake of both the lifting of curfew imposed by the martial law and the holding of full-scale National Assembly elections during the 1990s, the government in Taiwan has established a foundation to review and compensate all those who had suffered from "miscarriages of justice" under the charge of either being members of a rebellion or CCP agents in the long-lasting curfew. However, monetary compensation is just an apparent form of restorative justice, and what should really be called for is a genuine reflection on the basis of a comprehensive and profound study and discussion, to which the present article is devoted as part of such an overall effort. By taking the Case of the Su Tong-ch'i Political Incident in 1961 as an example by scrutinizing the details and examining the issues involved, it is hoped that this article will contribute to the ongoing reflection in the society of Taiwan as a whole. 　　The article begins with various related materials gathered in an oral history project completed in 2000, which are then augmented by a cross reference with the Chiang Kai-shek Archives in Academia Historica, the Case Material on Su Tong-ch'i in the Archives Bureau, and the Working Diary of General Huang Jieh on Duty at the Police Headquarters in the History and Political Affairs Editing and Translation Office at the Ministry of Defence, etc. It is first found that the Su Tong-ch'i Incident was closely related to that of Lei Chen in 1960, in that although the Police Headquarters took the initiative both in carrying out the investigation and in putting forward the charge therewith, there were such issues as to the extension of the scope of involvement for the "manipulators behind the scene" in the persons of Gao Yu-shu, etc., and as to the appropriateness or correctness of the judgment of punishment, etc. One thing for sure, however, is that the final decision was determined and ratified by no other person than Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek himself. This clearly means that the case had a very strong political connotation. Secondly, sixteen out of the fifty accused and implicated in the case were charged with "carrying out the intention to overthrow the government with illegal means" and punished with heavy penalties, in the light of whether they took part in the so-called March Ninth Incident, the main constituent event in the Su Tong-ch'i Incident. This article attempts a necessary reconstruction of the March Ninth Incident by means of oral histories given by those personally involved, in addition to the facets as presented by official and court archives, with a view to showing that this endeavor will definitely help the clarification of historical facts as well as our understanding of real issues during the period of the "White Terror."

Keywords：Su Tong-ch'i, Gao Yu-shu, Lei Chen, the Taiwan Independence Movement, the "White Terror," the March Ninth Incident (the 309 Incident)

Abstract：
　　From the middle of the 18th century, a great number of reports about Taiwan have been written by missionaries, diplomats, mariners, travellers and adventurers. According to their social position, these different writers looked at Taiwan with a contrasted eye. 　　From their reports, we can understand some of the reasons why French people were so much interested in China. Indeed if in the last part of 18th century, all coasts of the world had been inspected, however the inside of the territory had not. So many travellers of the 18th century left Europe with this objective. 　　The French people that we are going to present in this paper have been able to play a role in the discovery and to get involved in Taiwan's history, no matter what their original mission was, and if they really set a foot on Taiwan's land. This shows precisely the importance of Taiwan on the international scene at that time.

Keywords：France, 18th century, missionaries, travellers, adventurers, diplomats